web analytics
May 23, 2013 /14 Sivan, 5773
At a Glance

Posts Tagged ‘Nazi Germany’

Trusting The ‘International Community’ Israel, Iran And The Begin Doctrine (First of Two Parts)

Wednesday, June 27th, 2007

After uncovering Nazi Germany’s vast kingdom of death at the end of World War II, the victorious allies drafted a special charter for an international military tribunal at Nuremberg. Concluded on August 8, 1945, this document defined “crimes against humanity” as uniquely egregious acts that are designed to eradicate entire groups of people. Today, Iran plans a Nazi-style (and, in part, a Nazi-inspired) fate for the Jewish State, but this time the exterminatory logistics would be less complicated. All that would be needed for another Holocaust are assorted nuclear weapons, either placed strategically on missiles or delivered more unexpectedly by car, truck or ship.

To a certain extent, this warning message is already perfectly obvious, and – ironically – already a bit tiresome. It is pretty much generally known that Iranian intentions toward Israel are authentically genocidal – after all, the Iranian leadership says so openly on an almost daily basis – but what is not usually acknowledged is the absolute and immutable impotence of the so-called “international community.” Indeed, not only does the “civilized world” stand by ineffectually as Iran proceeds furiously with its enrichment of uranium and associated technological refinements, the United Nations itself insists on impotence. Adding a layer of absurdity to impending tragedy, the world body recently reelected Iran as vice chairman of the U.N. Disarmament Commission. Simultaneously, as reported in the May 2007 issue of Outpost (Americans For A Safe Israel), Alfonso de Alba of Mexico, president of the U.N. Human Rights Commission, announced that his key agency was abandoning any further consideration of human rights violations by Iran.

Credo quia absurdum. “I believe because it is absurd.” Our international community confirms its bottomless disutility and lack of dignity by periodic celebrations of its own derangement. In the United Nations, both crime and folly remain the official order of the day. Unless we as a species were to enthusiastically welcome intermittent genocides, it is plain that the world of diplomacy and international statecraft is now a relentlessly preposterous world. I mean this in the most literal sense, of course, as everywhere a dizzying unreason triumphs boldly over both rational thought and palpable compassion.

For the current regime in Tehran, any planned annihilation of “The Jews” is always a pleasing pretext for convulsions. It is true that this intended genocide is now directed against the institutionalized state of the Jews – the codified State of Israel, which nonetheless represents each individual Jew in macrocosm – but Iran’s annihilatory motives are unchanged. Moreover, under binding international law, war and genocide are not mutually exclusive. Any Iranian war to “liquidate the Zionist entity” would be jurisprudentially indistinguishable from what happened to the Jewish People before and during the Second World War. This critical point should never be forgotten.

In the passionately apocalyptic vision of the Iranian regime, Israel is merely the newest face of an old hatred. Whatever assaults once directed only against flesh-and-blood Jewish individuals are now focused upon those particular Jews who are bound together in an institutionalized “entity.” Allowed to “succeed” by the international community, Iran’s carefully crafted plan for another Jewish genocide would affect the whole world. As goes Israel, so shall go an entire planet. It should therefore now become an overriding imperative of the whole world – not just of the Jews – to safeguard and sustain the imperiled Jewish State.

Let me invoke here the pertinent thought of Rabbi Abraham Isaac Kook, who sought in all inquiries, not “concepts of truth” – but truth itself. Influenced even by Buddhism, Kook envisioned a species with a natural evolutionary inclination to perfect itself. The course of this human evolution, he surmised, must always be directed toward a progressively increased spirituality. The Torah, he continued, is a concrete manifestation of the Divine Will on earth; thus, the entire People of Israel must assume a cosmic and redemptive role in saving the whole world. Things simply cannot be otherwise.

Rabbi Eliezer Waldman has written movingly in The Jewish Press of “the eternal flame of Jewish life in Israel.” By working for the redemption of Israel, Rabbi Waldman instructs, we necessarily work to bring a blessing to all the peoples of the world. It follows that we Jews ought never to imagine a contradiction between our own struggle for Jewish survival in the State of Israel, and our existential concern for the wider world. The mutually reinforcing wisdom of Rabbi Kook and Rabbi Waldman points to a genuinely serious and meaningful understanding of the historically oxymoronic term, “international community.” And this understanding belies the usually smug and ritualistic affirmations of worldwide justice and solidarity.

The Jewish People – whether dispersed all over the world like evaporating dew, or struggling mightily in their own state – can never trust their survival to others. Never! In The Jewish Revolution (1971), Israel Eldad painfully announced that the persisting miscalculations of “Jewish diplomacy” had hastened the Holocaust. Yet even today, Eldad’s warning and reminder is largely unheeded. Bound first to patently suicidal agreements known cumulatively as “Oslo”, and now to the equally disingenuous documents of a so-called “Road Map”, Israel still considers making further surrenders of Judea, Samaria and Golan to sworn enemies. What strange expectations for diplomacy could possibly justify such a twisted cartography? What curious faith in the international community could conceivably prompt such unilateral concessions? Credo quia absurdum.

Returning to diplomacy, let us understand that, in substance, the purported promise of “negotiations” between Iran and Israel is always subterfuge. Should Iran be permitted to acquire nuclear or even certain biological weapons, the probable result to Israel might well be another Jewish genocide. Although history is largely the record of humankind’s most inhumane inclinations, its “lessons” are still worth studying.

Here, for our purposes, relevant history begins just before the start of World War II. Beginning in 1938, small groups of predominantly Jewish scientists from Central Europe living in the United States began to express informed fears that Nazi Germany could attempt to build nuclear weapons. About two years after Albert Einstein transmitted these critical apprehensions to President Franklin D. Roosevelt in his now-famous letter of August 1939, the United States launched the Manhattan Project. In part, this unprecedented effort was the result of a perceived danger by Jewish émigrés of an incontestably existential threat to the then widely dispersed European Jewish communities.

Today it is the secular and spiritual responsibility of all “civilized nations” (I dare not say “international community”) to recognize another existential danger. This time the greatest genocidal threat is to the ingathered Jewish population of the State of Israel. Should it face the prospect of a nuclear Iran, or even of any Arab state or movement with nuclear or even certain biological weapons, Israel would likely have no rational choice but to act preemptively. This is exactly what Prime Minister Menachem Begin did on June 7, 1981, when Israel’s “Operation Opera” successfully destroyed Iraq’s Osiraq nuclear reactor. This is also exactly what was recommended by “Project Daniel” in our special January 2003 report to then Prime Minister Ariel Sharon (the report and numerous commentaries are still readily available online).

No doubt, my readers in The Jewish Press have already heard a great deal about Project Daniel. Operation Opera, to which I also refer, and best described under international law as “anticipatory self-defense,” was a tangible application of the “Begin Doctrine.” This doctrine clearly affirmed Israel’s policy to deny certain weapons of mass destruction to particular enemy states. It was drawn directly from Prime Minister Begin’s correct awareness that the developing nuclear threat then facing Israel (at that time, from Iraq – not Iran) was merely a new form of an old cry to “slaughter the Jews.”

Copyright The Jewish Press, June 29, 2007. All rights reserved.

(To be continued)

LOUIS RENE BERES (Ph.D., Princeton, 1971) is Strategic and Military Affairs columnist for The Jewish Press.

Title: Saving The Jews, Franklin D. Roosevelt and The Holocaust

Wednesday, July 19th, 2006

Title: Saving The Jews, Franklin D. Roosevelt and The Holocaust
Author: Robert N. Rosen
Publisher: Thunder’s Mouth Press (imprint of Avalon Publishing Group)

 

       Robert Rosen admirably puts President Roosevelt right back on his pedestal where he belongs, despite the efforts of dozens of revisionists who would have F.D.R. responsible for the deaths of millions, including a third of our people in the Holocaust during World War II. F.D.R. will still be remembered by millions of Jews – and by history – as our hero.

 

         Many revisionists, both within the Church, and without, are attempting to explain why Pope Paul XII didn’t speak out more forcefully against anti-Semitism, Nazism and the forces of evil of his day. In most instances the records of the Vatican come up blank or shrouded in mystery because they are unavailable to historians for research. Not so with the record of F.D.R. who was ahead of his time in speaking out for all minorities, including Jews, and who apparently didn’t have a mean bone in his entire corpus.

 

         Over the centuries wherever Jews settled in communities we became “the other” – one of those groups that people would point out as being different. Thus it was in America even though everyone except the native aborigines (the “Indians”) came from somewhere else. As before, anti-Semitism sprouted its ugly wings. Because of our urgent need for community, including being able to walk to shul on Shabbos, Jews would congregate near shuls. Even pre-dating the arrival of chassidim in America, gentiles could not mistake the fact that observant Jews dressed differently – head covering for men, modest attire – even in warm weather – for women, etc.

 

         It was into this milieu that both F.D.R. and Hitler arrived at nearly the same time.

 

         “Saving The Jews” deals exhaustively with such subjects as the (non) admission of Jewish refugees from Nazism into America during the pre-war and war years; the failure to bomb Auschwitz and the railroad tracks leading to it; the progress of the war on both the European and Pacific fronts; American and international politics vis-à-vis the establishment of Israel; the development of the Atomic bomb; the voyage of the St. Louis to Havana, Cuba, with nearly 1,000 German refugees – most of whom were returned to Europe; the anti-Semitism of the State Department and its contribution to banning admission of Jews who may have been granted refuge in America.

 

         This book may be over 527 pages in length but it’s an “easy read” a “must-read” and well worth reading for any intelligent person who doesn’t want to trust the revisionists of history. Rosen includes a bibliography of original source material – much of which he shows has been misquoted by the revisionist historians. In essence – Robert Rosen puts F.D.R. right back on the pedestal where he belongs. He was a patrician, born to comfort and luxury who disdained his own comfortable existence because he saw that there were wrongs to right, both in America and on the world scene.

 

         The America of F.D.R.’s time became extremely isolationist due to the incessant wars between European powers. America had no idea of its greatness and capacity for dealing with global concerns. F.D.R. however understood Nazi Germany’s agenda to conquer the world and eliminate millions of people and was determined to stop the evil empire in its tracks.

Contemporary Art/Recent Acquisitions At The Jewish Museum

Friday, June 6th, 2003

Jewish Museum

1109 Fifth Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10128

(212) 423 3200.

Sunday, Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday; 11 a.m. – 5:45 p.m.

Thursday, 11 a.m. to 8 p.m.; Friday, 11 a.m. to 3 p.m.

$10 adults; $7.50 students and seniors, children under 12 free

Thursdays 5 to 8 p.m. free.

Until July 27, 2003.

 

 

The Contemporary Art/Recent Acquisitions exhibition, on view until July 27 at the Jewish Museum, is a multi-media event that poses more questions than it answers. The exhibition includes six videos, eight large photographic works of various kinds, some luxuriously mounted on aluminum panels, one assemblage, one steel sculpture with touch sensitive light sockets, two drawings and one acrylic painting.

Most of this artwork addresses the fringes of societal criticism and commentary and have minimally engaging Jewish content. A meticulous chart of Meyer Lansky’s Financial Network (Mark Lombardi), a photo-realistic drawing of Stairs to Freud’s Apartment (Robert Longo) and a photo of Israeli youth dancing in G-d is in Our Clubs (Tomer Ganihar) are among the works that fail to engage either the Jewish intellect or a sophisticated aesthetic sense. The
general absence of overt Judaic content and relevance makes this exhibition indistinguishable from most contemporary ideas found in New York galleries. Many of these works have in fact been seen in the avant-garde scene before. Taken as a whole, it is mildly interesting as a survey of postmodernist sensibility, and yet there is one notable exception. Tirtza Even and Brian Karl’s digital video, Far Along (2001), engages the imagination with a troubling vision of
contemporary Germany unlike anything else in this exhibition.

The 26-minute video is composed of 15 vignettes capturing what seems at first to be daily life in contemporary Germany. Almost totally silent in its observations, the video is introduced with a short voice-over from the book “Between Dignity and Despair: Jewish Life in Nazi Germany” by Marion A. Kaplan. These chilling words are from a memoir: “I could pinpoint no exact date when normal…association with Jewish friends became an act of defiance and then petered out… When was it that credulity turned into doubt, doubt to resignation…” The text introduces us to an operative paradigm of the video: absence.

After 1933, Jews in Germany became legally ostracized, little by little becoming socially invisible and finally disappearing into the abyss. The video focuses in subtle ways on that absence in today’s Germany through the use of digital effects. A worker sits drinking beer with a friend who gradually fades into the darkness. He casually notices the absence, but continues to stare unperturbed at the camera. A solitary man descends an escalator to a subway
platform and walks past the camera as a train passes through unendingly. Another vignette of strangers on a commuter train, slowly moving away from one puzzled passenger, echoes the initial social isolation of Germany’s Jews. Trains in Germany have a fearful metaphorical power.

Far Along utilizes classic postmodernist methodology to deconstruct that which seems ordinary and normal, uncovering a hidden and horrific past: the haunting absence of Germany’s pre-war Jewish population. The architect Daniel Libeskind in his design of the Jewish Museum Berlin (opened in 2001) uses a similar formal device. At the center of his highly praised zigzag structure are a series of five “voids” that pierce the structure from foundation to roof. Once inside the titanium zinc clad building, the visitor encounters these voids as they retrace the history of Jews in Germany. Repeatedly the exhibition space is interrupted by a large mass of wall that must be circumvented. Walking around these random shapes, the visitors can peer into the cement lined voids. The absence of Germany’s Jews haunts this video and is made into a pivotal architectural element in Libeskind’s building as well.

A woman is seen at a lunch table, meticulously folding her napkin and a figure passes in front of her. Suddenly she is gone, vanished. In what might be the most powerful image a woman is
seen waiting for something, perhaps a bus or tram. Only her head is visible as she casually looks around anticipating the arrival. Slowly, from the left, a white panel encroaches on her image, squeezing her until she has been consumed, covered over. Only white is left as the
screen fades to black. The slow menace of ordinary events, innocent illusions and curious optical tricks build to a dread that gnaws at our sensibility until the missing and murdered German Jews become a presence in every aspect of ordinary German life.

Tirtza Even and Brian Karl’s digital video resonates with several important issues that are singularly Jewish. In the mundane images of daily life the acquiescence of everyday Germans in the Holocaust is calmly explored. Much in line with one of the major themes of Kaplan’s book, Between Dignity and Despair: Jewish Life in Nazi Germany, the video exposes the constant tension in finding and maintaining normalcy, even when the world is slowly being consumed by a totalitarian state, or as in modern Germany, the haunting history of a nation’s past. This acute awareness of history coupled with the notion of absence is a theme that persists in Jewish thought.

Almost all of our ritual life is bound up in historical consciousness. The absence of the Temple, its sacrifices and Jewish unity and peace haunt our daily prayers. Seeing this from the perspective of contemporary Germans spins this idea in unexpected directions. Our absences can become, in fact are, theirs.

The question arises; if this spare video contains so much substance, what is missing from the handful of other important works of art shown here? The Robert Longo Untitled (Stairs to
Freud’s Apartment 1938) (2002) also deals with absence. But here the material (the absence of items that were in the original photograph) is much too thin to trigger the larger concerns of
murdered millions. William Kentridge’s Drawings for Projection Series, 1989-91 is a brilliant and inspiring tour-de-force of animation/drawing but the Judaic content of his Jewish protagonist is elusive and without insight into the role of the Jews in his native South Africa. To present the Jew, capitalist or slave/worker, is not always enough to set the viewer thinking about the complexities of the Jewish content of these roles. The Crushed Brandenburg Gate,
Proposed Memorial for the Murdered Jews of Europe, 1994 by Horst Hoheisel, an altered photograph proposing that the highly symbolic Brandenburg Gate in Berlin be destroyed and crushed into a field of gravel as a Holocaust memorial is perhaps the most audacious work
shown, but unfortunately, it doesn’t seem to move much beyond simple vengeance.

What continues to gnaw at me as I review these works is a simple question: what does it have to do with me as a Jew? Not all intriguing artworks have to address that issue. But then, why am I seeing them in the Jewish Museum? In the rarified context of the Jewish Museum, must it be Jewish? It doesn’t seem like an inappropriate question to pose as I keep going back to try to discover the answer.


Richard McBee is a painter of Torah subject matter and writer on Jewish Art. Please feel free to email him with comments at rmcbee@nyc.rr.com

Printed from: http://www.jewishpress.com/sections/contemporary-artrecent-acquisitions-at-the-jewish-museum/2003/06/06/

Scan this QR code to visit this page online: