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At the dawn of the modern period, as the issue of granting civic rights to Jews was broached in the states of central and western Europe, every objection raised by those opposed to such rights found its Jewish supporters.

Maydan, a village of 70 families, has changed little these past 100 years. The single road in town is still used by horse-drawn wagons.

Mention the names Leo Gottlieb, Sid Hertzberg, Ossie Schectman, Ralph Kaplowitz, Nat Milotzok and Hank Rosenstein, and the image that probably comes to mind is that of the board of directors of a Florida retirement village rather than half the roster of the 1946-47 New York Knickerbockers basketball team.

After their military defeat by regular forces, the occupied population produced terrorists who engaged in bombings, sniping, poisonings, and other attacks on occupation forces and on the civilian population.

Who was the one person most responsible for perpetuating traditional Judaism in 19th century America? The indisputable answer: Isaac Leeser.

How is it that those who were vilified and treated as pariahs are today widely praised for their actions during the Holocaust?

At a meeting of Jewish leaders in 1939, Brandeis rebuffed a suggestion that bringing Jews to Palestine in defiance of the British was "illegal."

All of which leaves us with one of the great "what ifs" of history: What if Eshkol had found his inner Churchill that evening? What if Yigal Allon had been defense minister instead of Moshe Dayan?

The nightmare visited upon the elderly couple took its toll. Within the year, they both succumbed to the agony of their ordeal, having been unable to withstand the spiritual loss of their one and only child.

Entering our apartment with Itamar held tightly in my arms, I gazed out over the porch rails at my valley that had been so green.

It is one of the great ironies of the 21st century that anti-Zionists and anti-Semites on both the Left and the Right, have returned to racialist arguments against Jews that most of us thought had died out after World War II.

The powerful ox of Taurus symbolizes the month of Iyar. The bull's characteristic of stubbornness features positively when it manifests itself as uncompromising loyalty.

Rabbi Pinchas M. Teitz, who eventually became rav of Elizabeth, New Jersey, visited America from 1933-1935.

In complaining that Rosenfeld is trying to silence Jews who disagree with him, Pogrebin at one point compares him to Brandeis donors who withdrew their support from the university after it invited Jimmy Carter to speak.

Before the arrival of the masses, houses of study, synagogues, and ritual baths were constructed; kosher food was made available, as were other key components to Jewish life.

He turned to the rav to express sincere regret for his needless suffering and to request the honor of a private audience.

Where is Israel? Where are those who are scattered throughout the Diaspora?

One of the most instructive insights into Reagan's connection with Jews relates to the man's Cold War experience - what he saw as literally the fight of the 20th century.

These dissidents are truth-tellers, endangered in their homelands, living in exile, strangers in a strange land, so to speak. They have been empowered by their sojourns in the West.

Celler called FDR's immigration policy "cold and cruel," and accused the State Department of having "a glacier-like attitude" and "a heartbeat muffled in protocol."

It isn't fair," whined the donkey to the ox.

And they are referring to skilled labor or physical labor, not Torah study. Torah study is a companion to work, not a substitute.

When Nietzsche a century ago surveyed his surroundings and proclaimed that "God is dead," he might have in retrospect judged himself only slightly premature.

One of the factors that hindered the proper early development of Judaism in America was a lack of qualified religious functionaries.

Jews' categorical identification with parties of the Left became commonplace throughout Central and Western Europe. For some, this identification went beyond liberal parties to socialist and communist groups.

Moshe understands that even though none of the parties to this conflict are Jews, and that he could stand aside and not risk being accused of having caused the evil, his Jewish responsibility is to do what he can to prevent the perpetration of injustice.

There is a widespread perception in Israel that Sephardic Jews are more sensible than the rest of us. Sephardim, or "Oriental Jews" as they are commonly if mistakenly called (strictly speaking, the two terms are not interchangeable), tend to shy away from the various manifestations of non-moderation that afflict Ashkenazi or "Western" Jews.

Simply put, Orthodoxy is unwilling to implicitly or explicitly renounce its most basic claim - the uniqueness of its truth, and its central focus that Jewish law is binding.

Three individuals, two Jews and a gentile, played crucial roles in keeping Truman from caving to the anti-Zionist forces in his administration.

Honestly, would we imagine ever not paying the custodian on time? Would we expect the custodian to return to work month after month without receiving his salary?